Analisis Rantai Pasok (Supply Chain) Komoditas Domba di Kecamatan Hinai Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Hinai District is one of the areas in North Sumatra that has the potential to develop sheep commodity businesses. The demand and business opportunities for sheep have given rise to a diverse supply chain. This research aims to determine and analyze the sheep supply chain which consists of marketing channels, marketing margins, farmer's share and supply chain efficiency. This research was carried out in April - June 2023 in Hinai District using stratified sampling and purposive sampling methods which resulted in villages/sub-districts with the highest, medium and lowest sheep populations. Determining the sample of farmers used purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods at marketing institutions. This research uses quantitative qualitative descriptive analysis. The results shows that there are 5 types of supply chain patterns, namely: 1) farmers – consumers; 2) farmers – wholesalers – consumers; 3) farmers – small wholesalers – wholesalers – consumers; 4) farmers – wholesalers – retailers inside of the town/province – consumers and 5) farmers – wholesalers – retailers outside of the province – consumers. The highest marketing margin is in the pattern V of sheep supply chain with a marketing margin of IDR35,000/kg for male sheep and IDR45,000/kg for female sheep. The highest farmer's share for the male and female sheep is in the pattern I of sheep supply chain with a farmer's share of 100%. The most efficient sheep supply chain is pattern II with a supply chain efficiency value of 0,71%. This indicates that the fewer marketing risks, the more efficient the supply chain.