Korelasi Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit (RNL) dan Prokalsitonin dengan Derajat Keparahan Ulkus Kaki Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a common complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DFU is a chronic wound below the ankle that increases morbidity, mortality, and reduces the quality of life of patients. The severity of DFU can be assessed using the Megitt-Wagner classification. There are 6 Wagner grades, ranging from 0 to 5, with grade 0 being the mildest and grade 5 the most severe. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple inflammatory marker that can be obtained by comparing neutrophils with lymphocytes in the patient's complete blood count. Procalcitonin (PCT), an amino acid protein precursor of the hormone calcitonin released by thyroid C cells or other body cells, can be used as a marker for diagnosing infection. PCT is a significant role in diagnosing diabetic foot infection. Subjects and Method: An analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on type 2 DM patients with DFU at H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan from February 2024 to May 2024 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were taken simultaneously for the examination of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and procalcitonin. Results: The correlation between NLR and the severity of DFU is weak and not significant (p=0.278), with an r = 0.156. The median NLR value is 7.7 (1.6 - 32.03). The correlation between procalcitonin and the severity of DFU was found to be strongly positive and significant (p < 0.05) with a correlation coefficient or r = 0.651. The median procalcitonin value is 0.5 (0.03-4.7). Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between procalcitonin and the severity of DFU. There is no correlation between NLR and the severity of DFU.