Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Pliek U Daging Buah Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) terhadap Salmonella typhi secara In Vitro

Abstract

The pathogenic bacterial infection Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) is responsible for the increasing burden of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Pliek U from coconut flesh (C. nucifera L.) in the form of extracts and nanoemulsion formulations of the extract against S. typhi. This study has a true experimental design with a post-test control group design, which includes nine treatment groups and three repetitions. The antibacterial activity of Ethanol Extract of Pliek U (EEP) was tested using the disc diffusion method and microdilution for determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The antibacterial activity of the EEP nanoemulsion formulation used the disc diffusion method. The concentrations of EEP at 160 mg/ml, 320 mg/ml, 640 mg/ml, and 1280 mg/ml showed antibacterial activity with inhibition zone diameters of 7.59 ± 0.24 mm, 9.29 ± 0.06 mm, 11.48 ± 0.14 mm, and 15.39 ± 0.14 mm, respectively. The nanoemulsion formulation consisting of EEP, VCO, Tween 80, propylene glycol, and aquades in the concentration range of 20 mg/ml to 1280 mg/ml did not exhibit antibacterial activity. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of EEP were determined at concentrations of 320 mg/ml and 640 mg/ml.