Perbandingan Penggunaan Lidokain Spray 10% dengan Lidokain Gel 2 % terhadap Komplikasi Post Intubasi dan Post Ekstubasi

Abstract

Introduction: Airway management is a crucial aspect of anesthesia, encompassing ventilation, laryngoscopy, intubation, and extubation. Complications following endotracheal intubation (ETT) can range from mild trauma to serious conditions like bradycardia, hypoxemia, and cardiac arrest. Topical lidocaine is used to prevent post-intubation sore throat by reducing the permeability of nerve cell membranes to sodium ions. Methods: This study is an experimental analytical study with a non-randomized design. The research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of 2% lidocaine gel and 10% lidocaine spray in reducing post-extubation complications in elective surgery patients. Results: No differences were found in all hemodynamic parameters—systolic blood pressure (p=0.700), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.626), or heart rate (p=0.149)—prior to intubation. However, after intubation, significant differences were observed in all hemodynamic data, including systolic blood pressure (p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.015), and heart rate (p<0.001). Statistically (P<0.05), significant differences in hemodynamic data were found between the untreated group and the groups treated with lidocaine, whether using 2% gel or 10% spray. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between the two lidocaine groups in all hemodynamic data. In the post-extubation pain analysis of intubated patients, significant differences in pain levels were noted at both 2 hours (p<0.001) and 24 hours (p<0.001) after extubation. Additionally, statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were also found in post-extubation pain levels at the 2-hour and 24-hour measurements between the untreated group and the two groups treated with lidocaine. A statistically significant difference (P<0.05) was also noted at the 2-hour post-extubation measurement between the 2% lidocaine gel and 10% spray groups, though no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) was observed at the 24-hour measurement between these groups. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, 2% lidocaine gel is more effective due to the lower pain assessment 2 hours post-extubation compared to the treatment group using 10% lidocaine spray.