Uji Beberapa Ekstrak Tanaman terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa yang Disebabkan oleh Jamur Colletotrichum sp. pada Buah Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) Secara In Vitro dan In Vivo

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is widely enjoyed by people all over the world to be eaten fresh or processed into other processed foods. One of the most common diseases in horticultural crops is anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp.. Noni and betel plants have been used as antimicrobials that can inhibit the g rowth of plant pathogenic fungi . This study was aimed to determine the effect of noni leaf extract and betel leaf extract in various concentrations that can control anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp . fungus on tomato plants. This research was conducted at the Plant Disease Laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultur e and the Quality Chemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) Univers itas Sumatra Utara from May to September 2024. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The re sults of this study showed that betel leaf extract with a concentration of 15% was able to inhibit the growth of colo ny diameter in vitro by 0.50 cm, Betel leaf extract with a concentration of 15% is able to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum sp . fungus by 94%. Betel leaf extract with a concentration of 15% is able to slow down the incubation period of Colletotrichum sp . fungus growth for 5 days after inoculation Betel leaf extract with a concentration of 15% was able to inhibit the severity of the disea se in vivo by 39%, with the incidence of the disease reaching 100% at 7 days after inoculation