Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Aspergillosis pada Pasien MDR TB Paru di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Introduction: One of the lung fungal infections, such as chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Aspergillosis is the most common lung fungal infection caused by one of the opportunistic fungi, Aspergillus sp. The fungus belongs to the category of eukaryotic microorganisms with septal and branched hifa characteristics; conidiophores appear from the leg cells (tumbled and thick-walled mice) carrying stigma. Tuberculosis infection is an underlying disease that often facilitates the occurrence of pulmonary aspergillosis, especially in the presence of cavities that facilitate the colonization of Aspergillus. This fungal colonization should also occur in TB patients who are resistant to a drug called MDR-TB. However, there are no studies that determine the occurrence of MDR-TB with Aspergillosis in Indonesia. In this study, we assessed the presence of Aspergillus antibodies in TB-MDR patients. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with 50 MDR-TB patients. The ELISA (semi-quantitative) platform is used to detect Aspergillus antibodies in MDR-TB patients. The determinants of aspergillosis among MDR-TB patients are analyzed statistically. Results: Among the 50 TB-MDR patients who participated in this study, the prevalence of aspergillosis positive was 16 (32%), and aspergillosis negative was 34 (68%). From the results of multivariate analysis of several related factors, it was found that the age group of 31 to 45 years increased the risk of developing aspergillosis by 8.6 times in patients with MDR TB with a p value of 0,045, OR = 8,667 (95% CI = 1,049–71,569), and this relationship was statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of aspergillosis is found in TB-MDR patients, and the most significant factor is patients in the age group of 31–45 years.