Formulasi, Evaluasi, Uji Antibakteri dan Uji Penetrasi Sediaan Nanogel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tekelan (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.)

Abstract

Acne is a condition in which skin pores become clogged and form inflamed pockets of pus, caused by excessive activity of the sebaceous glands under the skin. The ethanol extract of Tekelan leaves contains quercetin, a powerful antioxidant compound. This quercetin is proven to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity and penetration of nanogel preparations containing ethanol extract of Tekelan leaves. The nanogel preparation used in this study was designed to optimise the penetration of quercetin into the deepest layers of the skin. The antibacterial method used was disc diffusion method and the penetration test used Franz diffusion method on rabbit skin in vitro. The results showed that the inhibitory activity of nanogel preparations on P. acnes with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% were 7.93 mm, 9.10 mm, 10.23 mm, S. epidermidis with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% were 8.87 mm, 10.83 mm, 10.93 mm, S. aureus with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% were 9.83 mm, 12.23 mm, 14.43 mm, respectively. The gel base had no inhibition. Penetration of nanogel of ethanol extract of tekelan leaves with concentration of 2.5% was 5001.88 mcg/cm2 with flux value of 10.42 mcg/cm2.hour, concentration of 5% was 5064.24 mcg/cm2 with flux value of 10.55 mcg/cm2.hour, concentration of 7.5% was 5139.26 mcg/cm2 with flux value of 10.71 mcg/cm2.hour. It is concluded that the nanogel preparation of ethanol extract of tekelan leaves with a concentration of 7.5% has better antibacterial activity than other concentrations and has significantly different penetration.