Pembentukan Dataset dan Analisis Keberlanjutan Perkebunan Sawit Rakyat Berbasis GIS di Pulau Sumatera

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in Indonesia, and smallholder palm oil plantations account for 40% of the total palm oil plantations in Indonesia. However, smallholders have far fewer resources than large companies, which impacts the sustainability of their plantations and will ultimately impact state income. Consortium Studies for Smallholder Palm Oil (CSSPO) is a consortium that has surveyed the condition of smallholders on the island of Sumatra, but the data is still scattered. This research aims to create a dataset that contains relevant information regarding the use and change in land use of smallholder oil palm plantations on the island of Sumatra and to visualize and analyze the sustainability of smallholder oil palm plantations on the island of Sumatra using the dataset. Data were combined from 11 studies, each consisting of several .xls and .xlsx files. In total, the data used consists of 56 files. The level of sustainability was visualized and analyzed using the QGIS application based on three direct factors, namely plant age, group status, and certification status, and three indirect factors, namely education level, farming experience, and land area. The results show that Nassau, Sungai Apit, Kerumutan, Batang Asam, and Batang Toru are the most sustainable sub-districts on the island of Sumatra. Conversely, Batang Lubu Sutam, Salapian, Torgamba, Pematang Bandar, and Bilah Hulu are the least sustainable sub-districts on the island of Sumatra. The results also show clusters with sub-districts with the highest and lowest levels of sustainability to facilitate large-scale action. Plant age and farming experience have a strong correlation, implying that the average smallholder does not have sufficient funds for replanting. In addition, group status and certification status have a moderate correlation, indicating that group participation can help smallholders obtain certification. Apart from these two correlations, other attributes have very weak correlations which indicate that these sustainability factors must be improved individually.