Efektivitas Penerapan Transportasi Publik di Kota Medan (Studi Kasus : Trans Metro Deli)

Abstract

Medan is one of the cities with quite severe level of congestion in Indonesia, which is caused by the high use of private vehicles and the low performance of public transportation services, resulting in unavoidable congestion. Therefore, the government took steps to reform the existing system of public transportation services by implementing the Trans Metro Deli bus system to enhance mobility and ease congestion, as well as provide reliable, affordable, and efficient public transportation services for citizens of Medan. This vision is reflected in the government’s effort to build an environmentally transportation system that accessible to all levels of society in Medan. This study analyzes the existing conditions, characteristics of passengers, public perception, and public loyalty to Trans Metro Deli bus. The results of the study on the existing condition of Trans Metro Deli bus from the perspective of security, safety, and comfort in general have not been fulfilled according to SPM Road-Based Mass Transport No. 27 of 2015 (SPM Angkutan Massal Berbasis Jalan No. 27 Tahun 2015). The characteristics of passengers who travel on Trans Metro Deli buses are mainly women who resides in Medan with the age between 15-25 years old and employment status as students who are children in their family and on average do not own a vehicle whose income is less than Rp500.000. The travel origin of Trans Metro Deli bus passenger was from house/boarding house/rent house in which the travel frequency was 2 times per day and 26-30 times per month, the transportation that passengers used from the origin to the bus stop and from the bus stop to the destination was by walking within the distance from the origin to the bus stop and from the bus stop to the destination as far as >400 meters, furthermore, the travel time using Trans Metro Deli bus was 15-30 minutes), however, the travel time from the origin to the bus stop and from the bus stop to the destination was less than 15 minutes along with a fairly cheap cost because travel expenses from the origin to the bus stop and from the bus stop to the destination only cost Rp.2,000-4,000. According to the perception of passengers about the Trans Metro Deli bus is that the Trans Metro Deli bus is fairly effective for their use because commuters repeatedly take the Trans Metro Deli bus to meet their daily needs. This was reflected by the independent variables, that is, safety, reliability, comfort, travel time, cost and accessibility, having a significant influence on the dependent variable, that is, passenger loyalty with the contribution given by the independent variables to explain the dependent variable by 69.20%.