Rancang Bangun dan Optimasi Efisiensi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya pada Penyimpanan Energi Baterai melalui Sistem Kontrol Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler

Abstract

Solar power generation has great potential as the most widely used renewable energy due to its environmental friendliness and zero emission of greenhouse gases or other pollution. However, the limitations of energy storage from batteries are one of the obstacles in this system. By optimizing the use of solar energy in batteries, it is expected to reduce household energy costs and reduce dependence on conventional energy sources. This study aims to optimize battery energy storage in solar power systems through the design of a microcontroller-based Autocharger Controller (ACC) Version 1 and the addition of a battery-supercapacitor combination. The research methods include the design of a microcontroller-based ACC version 1 and battery-supercapacitor, testing the performance of PWM type SCC and ACC version 1, as well as cost-benefit analysis. Data collection was carried out using voltage, current and temperature sensors. Data analysis was carried out using efficiency comparisons calculated based on input and output power in solar power systems, SoC and DoD in energy storage, and feasibility analysis of NPV, Payback period and Benefit Cost-Ratio (BCR). The test results show that the ACC is able to increase the charging efficiency based on the test data taken at 12.00 WIB, which was 2.19%. Based on the SoC level, the ACC has a lower level compared to the SCC, but the depth of discharge (DoD) of the energy storage, the ACC is lower at 45,60% compared to the SCC energy storage discharge depth of 52,40%. The cost-benefit analysis of solar power systems using the ACC is more profitable compared to solar power systems using SCC, with approximately 32,69 % higher benefits. Optimization of the energy storage system through a microcontroller-based ACC and the addition of a supercapacitor can optimize the solar power system and is worthy of consideration.