Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kemangi dan Daun Sirih Terhadap Jamur (Pyricularia Grisea Sacc.) Penyebab Penyakit Blas pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) Secara in Vitro

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important commodity that ranks first in Indonesia. Blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea Sacc. is a disease that attacks rice plants which causes many losses. This disease can be found in several parts of the rice plant such as leaves, leaf collars, stems, panicles and seeds. This study aims to obtain the concentration of the effectiveness test of basil leaf and betel leaf extracts that are most effective in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Pyricularia grisea in rice plants in vitro. This research was conducted at the Plant Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan and the Natural Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of North Sumatra, Medan from August 2023 to March 2024. This study used a Non-Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 treatment levels, namely B0: (Control), B1 (Basil Extract 12.5%), B2 (Basil Extract 25%), B3 (Basil Extract 50%), B4 (Basil Extract 100%), B5 (Betel Extract 12.5%), B6 (Betel Extract 25%), B7 (Betel Extract 50%), B8 (Betel Extract 100%). The results of the study showed that the inhibitory level of various extract concentrations in observations 2-8 HSI was highest in the B5 treatment with an average inhibition level of 41.30%, 27.23%, 16.72%, 11.91% while the lowest was in the B2 treatment with an average inhibition level of -0.06%, 12.50%, 12.84% and 9.99%.