Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Karbon Aktif dari Ampas Teh Sebagai Adsorben Ion Pb

Abstract

The manufacture and characterization of activated carbon from tea dregs as an adsorbent of Pb ions has been carried out. This study aims to make activated carbon from tea dregs as an adsorbent of Pb ions; determine the characteristics of activated carbon from tea dregs using XRF, FTIR, SEM, XRD testing; determine the variation of activated carbon time as an adsorbent from well water can reduce Pb metal using AAS testing. Tea dregs in a furnace with physical activation are sieved with a 200 mesh sieve (74 μm), In chemical activation using 10% KOH solution for 24 hours of soaking after neutral dried at 1050C for 1 hour. Activated carbon has 2 temperature variations in 3 samples of tea dregs (physical activation 5000C, chemical activation 3000C, and chemical activation 5000C) using the adsorption method. Activated carbon is characterized to determine the requirements of activated carbon physical properties (water content, ash content, volatile matter content, and bound carbon content), surface morphology structure (SEM), identifying surface pore groups (FTIR), elemental composition of a sample (XRF), crystal structure (XRD), and heavy metal content (AAS). The results of the physical properties test before physical activation and before chemical activation meet the requirements of activated carbon, SEM test shows the morphology and formation of more open pores in the 5000C chemical activation tea dregs sample, XRF test of the three samples, the highest percentage of Ca element content is in the 5000C chemical activation tea dregs sample with a concentration of (Ca) 71.343, FTIR identification test with an infrared spectrophotometer shows that the physical and chemical activated carbon derived from tea dregs with potassium hydroxide (KOH) activator contains functional groups O-H, C-O, C-H, C=C, C-O and C≡C, XRD test shows that the three samples are amorphous in shape by showing a peak that is not sharp and an amorphous structure at (2 ) 21.040; 16,910 and 15,770, The results of the application test with the AAS test of the adsorption efficiency of Pb ions on the AT3 sample at a contact time of 60 minutes showed an optimum adsorption efficiency at ion absorption of 43.78%.