Uji Toksisitas Subkronik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) pada Mencit

Abstract

Background: Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius) is a plant from the Acanthaceae family, which has properties for asthma, diabetes, diuretic, hepatitis, leprosy, neuralgia, rheumatism, and skin diseases. Subchronic toxicity tests are carried out to detect toxic effects that appear after administering the test preparation with repeated doses. The organ observed is the liver because the liver is often affected by toxic substances which can cause the liver to experience structural changes or functional disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the toxic effect in the subchronic toxicity test of the ethanol extract of jeruju leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) on mice. Method: This research used experimental methods, carried out using 60 male and female mice divided into 6 groups, each test group consisting of 5 male mice and 5 female mice. The control group was given CMC Na 0.5%, the test group was given jeruju leaf ethanol extract at doses of 125, 250, 500 mg/kg bw, and the satellite group consisted of control satellites and satellites at a dose of 500 mg/kg bw. Observations on the number of deaths, body weight, organ weight index, liver macropathology, blood biochemistry and liver histopathology were carried out for 14 days. Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of jeruju leaves at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg bw had no effect on the body weight of mice and the weight of mice liver and had an effect on SGOT and SGPT levels. Based on the results of histopathological tests, it shows that jeruju leaf ethanol extract can cause changes in the liver. Conclusion: The results of the research can be concluded that the ethanol extract of jeruju leaves did not show toxic symptoms at doses of 125, 250, 500 mg/kg bw for 14 days, but had an effect on the liver of mice.