Analisis In Silico Senyawa Kimia dari Ekstrak Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) Terhadap PPAR-γ serta Uji In Vivo pada Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio) yang Berpotensi sebagai Antidiabetes

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of sugar metabolism characterised by hyperglycaemia that can be caused by abnormalities in insulin. Bitter melon is used as an antidiabetic with the presence of biactive components such as cucurbitane and flavonoids. One of the receptors that play a role in the treatment of diabetes is PPAR-γ. Purpose: To determine the secondary metabolites of bitter melon ethanol extract against PPAR-γ receptors that have potential as antidiabetics in silico and in vivo. Method: The stages in this study include LC-HRMS analysis, in silico testing including prediction of biological activity using (PASS online), physicochemistry (Drug design Lipinski), pharmacokinetics (SwissADME), toxicity (ProTox-II) and molecular tethering with (Autodock Tools and Autodock Vina) and in vivo testing by measuring fasting blood glucose levels using a glucometer and data analysis using One way ANOVA statistics. Result: In silico, selected chemical compounds from bitter melon that have interactions with PPAR-γ receptors by looking at the low docking score and have the same amino acid residues as the comparator are scopoletin, rutin, kaempferol- 3-O-arabinoside, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpiridine, karavilagenin e, scoparone, apigenin, karaviloside iii, lycopene, and goyaglicoside b. In vivo, the ethanol extract of bitter melon has antidiabetic activity by reducing blood glucose levels in zebrafish. In vivo, bitter melon ethanol extract has antidiabetic activity by reducing blood glucose levels of zebrafish best at a dose of 400 mg. Conclusion: From the results of this study, it is known that bitter melon ethanol extract has antidiabetic activity as evidenced in silico and in vivo.