Pengaruh Suhu Pirolisis dan Jumlah Katalis Zeolit terhadap Yield, Viskositas, dan Indeks Setana Minyak Solar dari Sampah Plastik Jenis LDPE pada Proses Pembuatan Solar Ramah Lingkungan

Abstract

The rapid population growth and industrial development in Indonesia have led to an increase in the consumption of fuel oil (BBM), particularly diesel fuel. The high demand for diesel raises concerns about the depletion of its reserves. To address this issue, Indonesia must explore alternative energy sources as a substitute for diesel. One potential alternative energy source is plastic waste, which is abundantly available in Indonesia and can be converted into fuel through the pyrolysis process. This study aims to analyze the effect of pyrolysis temperature and zeolite catalyst amount on the yield, viscosity, and cetane index of diesel fuel derived from LDPE plastic waste, resulting in environmentally friendly diesel. The LDPE plastic waste used in this study consisted of 40 kg of plastic bags. The pyrolysis process was conducted at temperatures of 250°C. 300°C, 350°C, and 400°C, with zeolite catalyst amounts of 0%, 2.5%, and 5% The characteristics of the resulting diesel fuel, including viscosity and cetane index, were tested and compared to the diesel fuel quality standards set by the Director General of Oil and Gas Regulation No. 146 of 2020. The highest diesel yield obtained was 6.83% with the best viscosity of 2.645 mm/s and the highest cetane index of 51.61. Diesel fuel that met the environmentally friendly fuel quality standards, as per Regulation No. 146 of 2020, was obtained at pyrolysis temperatures of 300°C, 350°C, and 400°C with a 5% catalyst concentration, resulting in viscosities of 2.334 mm/s, 2.165 mm3/s, and 2.035 mm/s, and cetane index values of 47.13, 48.97, and 51.61, respectively. The potential utilization of LDPE plastic waste for diesel production in North Sumatra Province was estimated at 5,340 tons per year in 2021, increasing to 5,424 tons per year by 2030