Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Pirdot (Saurauia vulcani, Korth.) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit (Mus musculus strain DDW) Jantan dan Gambaran Histologi Retina

Abstract

This research aims to collect laboratory data on the influence of pirdot leaf extract on the retina and blood glucose rate. The mice were classified into 5 groups: a control group without any treatment, a control group treated with a single injection of 125 mg/kg body weight (BW) of alloxanas the diabetes mellitus trigger, and three groups treated with intra-muscular alloxan injection to induce diabetes mellitus and pirdot leaf extract, i.e.,150 mg/kg BW (P1), 200 mg/kg BW (P2), and 250 mg/kg BW (P3) for 8 weeks. Subsequently, the blood glucose rates of the mice were measured and histologic grazes of their retina layers were prepared by using the paraffin method. The blood glucose rate of the mice treated with 200 mg/kg BW (113.4 mg/dl) pirdot leaf extract significantly differed from that of the mice in the diabetes mellitus control group (364.8 mg/dl) (p<0.05). The ganglion cell layer of the retina increased by up to 7.59 μm, which differed from that of the diabetes mellitus group (3.67 μm) (p<0.05) treated with 250 mg/kg BW pirdot leaf extract. The external plexiform layer increased to 17.88 μm, which differed from that of the diabetes mellitus group (15.71 μm) (p<0.05) treated with 150 mg/kg BW pirdot leaf extract. The blood glucose rate obtained after treatment with pirdot leaf extract was lower than that of the diabetes mellitus control group.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun pirdot terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan gambaran histologi retina mencit (Mus musculus strain DDW) jantan. Hewan uji yang digunakan sebanyak 25 ekor mencit dibagi atas 5 kelompok: satu kelompok kontrol tanpa perlakuan, satu kelompok kontrol disuntikkan satu kali aloksan 125 mg/kg BB sebagai pemicu diabetes melitus, tiga kelompok dibuat diabetes mellitus dengan injeksi intra muscular aloksan dan diberikan ekstrak daun pirdot 150 mg/kg BB (P1), 200 mg/kg BB (P2) dan 250 mg/kg BB (P3) selama 8 minggu. Selanjutnya, kadar gula darah diukur dan sayatan histologi lapisan retina mencit dibuat dengan metode parafin. Hasil menunjukkan kadar gula darah mencit yang diberi ekstrak 200 mg/kg BB (113,4 mg/dl) berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol diabetes melitus (364,8 mg/dl) (p<0,05). Lapisan sel ganglion retina meningkat 7,59 μm berbeda siginifikan dengan kontrol diabetes melitus (3,67 μm) (p<0,05) pada perlakuan ekstrak daun pirdot 250 mg/kg BB. Lapisan pleksiform luar meningkat 17,88 μm berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol diabetes melitus (15,71 μm) (p<0,05) pada perlakuan ekstrak daun pirdot 150 mg/kg BB. Kadar gula darah yang diperoleh akibat pemberian ekstrak daun pirdot pada mencit diabetes melitus sudah di bawah dibandingkan dengan kontrol diabetes melitus.