Pemanfaatan Transfersom mengandung Ekstrak Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) dalam Hidrogel sebagai Antibakteri dan Antiinflamasi

Abstract

Ethanol extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (EECX) is a native Indonesian medicinal plant containing curcuminoids with antibacterial and antiinflammatory

bioactivity. Physicochemical factors, autoxidation, and easy degradation limit the bioavailability of curcuminoids. These limitations can be improved by transferosome vesicle encapsulation. This study aims to formulate a transferosome containing EECX in a hidrogel according to its characteristics and bioactivity as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. Transfersomes were formulated using the thin-film hydration method with variations of phosphatidylcholine: tween 80 (95:5; 85:15; 75:25) and then characterized including particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH, and entrapment efficiency. The optimal formula was tested for antibacterial and antiinflammatory properties, then the hidrogel formulation was continued according to

the characteristics and tested for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity.

The

EECX transfersome that meets the formulation characteristics is formula TF2, which includes a particle size of 67.73-153.53 nm; a polydispersity index of 0.47-0.57; a zeta potential of (-20.2) – (-22.5) mV; a pH of 6.3; and an adsorption efficiency of 94.45-98.33%. The transfersome has minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values at concentrations of 500; 1000; 2000 µg/mL, respectively, of 31.25; 31.25; 62.5 µg/mL ,and 62.5; 62.5; 125 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and 31.25; 31.25; 31.25 µg/mL and 62.5; 62.5; 62.5 µg/mL against Staphylococcus epidermidis, and anti-inflammatory activity against protein denaturation inhibition with inhibition percentages of 72.60±0.02%; 79.79±0.03%; 70.67±0.02%, respectively. The EECX transferosome at 1000 µg/mL in hidrogel forms a thick, transparent, yellow gel with a characteristic temulawak aroma, is homogeneous, has a pH of 5.5±0.1, a viscosity of 6496.0±8.0 cP, and a spreadability of 6.0±0.1 cm, which has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis with inhibition zone diameters of 14.67±1.15 mm and 17.67±1.53 mm, respectively, and anti-inflammatory activity with a protein denaturation inhibition percentage of 73.39±0.03%.The EECX transfersome in hidrogel has in vitro antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential.