Perubahan Warna pada Pewarna Alam Daun Jati Akibat Pengurangan Air Selama Ekstraksi dan Jenis Bahan Pengikat

Abstract

The demand for dyes is increasing with the development of the textile industry, which requires dyes for fabric coloring. However, most dyes used are synthetic and can pollute the environment. This research aims to determine the effect of reducing water during boiling and the type of mordant on the quality of natural dyes from teak leaves. The research method involved preparing raw materials, conducting the extraction process, scouring process, soaking the fabric in teak leaf dye, and the fixation process. During the extraction stage, water reduction variations were 75%, 50%, and 25%. In the fixation stage, three types of fixatives were used: Calcium oxide, alum, and tunjung. The results showed that the percentage of extraction water reduction did not affect color retention, color difference, washing fastness and drying fastness. This study showed that the value of fixation use did not significantly affect retention and color fastness to washing, while the use of fixation had a significant effect on color difference and color fastness to drying. Based on the interaction between the percentage of extraction water reduction and the type of fixation material, A 25% reduction in extraction water with tunjung fixation produced the highest retention value. Meanwhile, the highest color difference was achieved with a 50% reduction in extraction water using tunjung fixation. For color fastness to washing, the best combination was a 25% reduction in extraction water with tunjung fixation. In contrast, the best color fastness to sunlight was found in fabrics with a 50% reduction in extraction water using alum fixation.