Pembuatan Benang Serat Alam dari Bahan Baku Pandan Laut (Pandanus tectorius) dengan Menggunakan Metode Mekanis

Abstract

Pandan laut (Pandanus tectorius) is a type of monocot plant that reaches 6 meters in height. Sea pandan leaves have various uses in various fields, both in cooking, the pharmaceutical industry and the cosmetics industry. However, there are other benefits of sea pandan leaves that are still little investigated, namely the use of sea pandan leaf fibers into natural fiber yarn. In this research, natural fiber yarn will be made from sea pandan leaves. In general, threads made from natural fibers have almost the same properties, namely strong, dense, easy to tangle and resistant to ironing. The method for separating sea pandan leaf fibers used in this research was using an iron comb. Testing the quality of sea pandan natural fiber yarn was consisted of physical properties, namely water content and specific gravity of sea pandan fiber and testing mechanical properties, namely maximum tensile strength (stress), strain and Young's modulus. Test results for fresh sea pandan water content ranged from 16.3-19.8% with an average of 17.7%. Meanwhile, the water content of dried sea pandan ranges from 9.89 to 12.36 with an average of 11.33. The test results for the specific gravity of dried sea pandan fiber ranged from 1.48 to 3.65 with an average of 2.74, while the specific gravity of fresh sea pandx an fiber ranged from 0.49 to 3.26 with an average of 1.59. For the tensile test, there were 2 treatments, namely 3 strands and 5 strands. The average sequential tensile stress test results of 3 strands of fresh pandan, 3 strands of dry, 5 strands of fresh, and 5 strands of dry pandan were 5.06 N, 7.23 N, 6.06 N, and 8.73 N. The average sequential strain test results are 0.031%, 0.030%, 0.032%, and 0.035%. The average sequential Young's modulus test results are 171.07 Mpa, 286.51 Mpa, 216.26 Mpa, and 289.68 Mpa