| dc.description.abstract | Objective: The impact of breast cancer is significant physically, mentally and socially. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric diagnoses in breast cancer patients. More than half of cancer patients experience pain and many cancer patients experience persistent and ongoing pain as a result of the disease or its treatment. β-endorphins are known to have the ability to inhibit the production of stress hormones and produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. The high incidence of pain complaints based on the literature and the considerable impact caused such as the impact of depression levels. Method: This research is a correlative analytic research with a cross-sectional study approach. The sampling technique in this study used a non-probability sampling technique of consecutive sampling type, in which all subjects who came and met the selection criteria were included in the study until the required number of subjects was met. Data begins with filling in demographic data, pain scores (NRS), depression (PQH-9) and then continues with blood sampling for β-endorphin level examinatioAfter the results are obtained, management and data analysis will be carried out using SPSS software. Result: This study found a relationship between β-endorphin levels and pain levels with a strong negative correlation strength, where the higher the β-endorphin levels, the lower the pain levels (NRS) r = -0.764, n = 90 and p value <0.0001 (strong correlation strength). The relationship between β-endorphin levels and depression levels, where the higher the β-endorphin levels, the lower the depression levels (PHQ-9) r = -0.600, n = 90 and p value <0.0001 (strong correlation strength). Conclusion: In patients with advanced breast cancer at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, in this study there was a strong negative relationship and correlation between β-endorphin levels and the degree of pain and there was a strong negative relationship and correlation between β-endorphin levels and the level of depression in patients. Keywords: Breast Cancer, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), β-endorphin | en_US |
