Analisis Kualitas Limbah Cair, Kuantitas Limbah Padat dan Penggunaan Energi Listrik pada Proses Pembuatan Bioplastik dari Pati Limbah Batang Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

The agricultural sector plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. Palm oil is one of the leading commodities in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. According to Asmar Arsjad (2017), there are around 1.5 million hectares of the millions of hectares of oil palm plantations owned by farmers that urgently need to be rejuvenated (replanted). However, this replanting activity also has a negative impact on the environment due to the large number of oil palm trunks from felling which can disrupt plantation management if left alone in the plantation area. Basically, we can reuse the waste, one of which is the utilization of palm oil trunk starch into bioplastic. Making bioplastic requires less energy and costs compared to making conventional plastic. However, although making bioplastic requires less energy, making bioplastic can still have negative impacts on the environment such as the release of carcinogenic compounds, eutrophication, or unused wood waste from palm oil trunks which can cause emissions or liquid and solid waste. This study will look at the quality of liquid waste, quantity of solid waste and use of electrical energy in the process of making bioplastic from palm oil trunk waste starch. The parameters of liquid waste that will be analyzed in this study are BOD using the SNI 06.6989.72:2009 method, COD and TSS parameters using the Spectrophotometry method, TDS parameters using the Electrometry method, and pH will be measured directly. In measuring the quantity of solid waste, it will be calculated directly using a scale and the use of electrical energy using a kWh meter. The results of the study showed that the quality of liquid waste is still dominantly on the threshold of the quality standard according to PermenLH no.5 of 2014. The quantity of solid waste obtained in this study was 850 grams, and the use of electricity during the process of making bioplastic from palm oil waste starch was 1,095 kWh and if converted to rupiah it is Rp.1,667.51.