Hubungan Kadar HbA1c terhadap Kejadian dan Derajat Gangguan Pendengaran pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Berdasarkan Pemeriksaan Audiometri Nada Murni

Abstract

Background: Hearing loss associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can occur because of the damaging effects of hyperglycemia on the cochlea both anatomically and physiologically. HbA1c levels were found to have a positive correlation with the incidence of hearing loss in T2DM patients. Pure tone audiometry examination can be used to assess the picture of hearing loss in T2DM patients. Objective: To prove that there is a relationship between HbA1c levels and the incidence and degree of hearing loss in DMT2 patients through pure tone audiometry examination. Method: An analytical observational study was conducted at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital USU Medan with a sample of 55 DMT2 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires, routine ENT examinations, HbA1c examinations, and pure tone audiometry. Results: There was no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the incidence and degree of hearing loss assessed by pure tone audiometry. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the incidence of hearing loss assessed by pure tone audiometry, however, the proportion of sensorineural hearing loss was higher in subjects with uncontrolled T2DM compared to those with controlled T2DM. There was no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the degree of hearing loss assessed by pure tone audiometry, with mild sensorineural hearing loss being the most dominant type in T2DM patients.