Metafora Cinta dalam Bahasa Batak Toba

Abstract

This Research explores categorization and conceptual mapping of the metaphorical use of the word “CINTA” in the Batak Toba language. The data comprise both written and oral sources. The written sources include poetry, novels, and song lyrics, while the oral data are collected through in-depth interviews using observational and interview method. The data are grouped based on specific themes. The data is analyzed by using correspondence method to compare concrete events in the source domain and emotion events in the target domain. The Research carries out a conceptual metaphor theory to conceptualize the expression of the metaphor of the word CINTA. The Research identifies eleven categories, they are: CINTA as ENTITAS DALAM WADAH (entity in context) that has the subcategory CINTA as API (fire); CINTA as BENDA (object) includes subcategories CINTA as TANAMAN (plant), CINTA as KOMODITAS BERHARGA (valuable commodity), CINTA as BANGUNAN (building), CINTA as OBJEK TERSEMBUNYI (hidden object), CINTA as OBAT (medicine), and CINTA as MAKANAN (food); CINTA as PERJALANAN (journey); CINTA as DAYA (power) with the subcategory CINTA as DAYA FISIK (physical power), CINTA as DAYA ALAMI (natural power), and CINTA as DAYA PSIKOLOGIS (psychological power); CINTA as KESATUAN (unity) has subcategory CINTA as TALI (rope/bond), CINTA as BINATANG BUAS (wild animals); CINTA as KORBAN (victim); CINTA as PERANG (war); CINTA as API (fire); CINTA as KEINGINAN (wish). Among these categories, CINTA as BENDA (object) emerges as the most frequently used metaphorical category in the Batak Toba language, encompassing the highest number of subcategories.