Tinjauan Hukum Internasional terhadap Diplomasi Lingkungan dalam Perjanjian Ekonomi Indonesia-Uni Eropa sebagai Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim

Abstract

Environmental diplomacy has become a strategic approach for countries to address climate change through international cooperation. The increasingly critical impact of the climate crisis, driven by greenhouse gas emissions and natural resource exploitation, necessitates concrete global policy actions. This research aims to examine and analyze the role of environmental diplomacy as a mechanism for global environmental mitigation, to assess the legal status of the Indonesia-European Union Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IEU-CEPA) as an international legal instrument, and to analyze the impact of IEU-CEPA on climate change regulations in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical and descriptive in nature, employing a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data collection technique is a literature study using document analysis, with qualitative data analysis applied to secondary sources such as international agreements, journals, books, and documents related to climate change regulations. The findings of the study indicate that: First, environmental diplomacy plays a crucial role in shaping the sustainability clauses in IEU-CEPA, particularly through the integration of environmental provisions aligned with the targets of the Paris Agreement and the European Green Deal. Second, IEU-CEPA holds binding legal status as an international agreement, with compliance mechanisms that combine economic sanctions and green incentives. Third, the implementation of IEU-CEPA has the potential to promote renewable energy transition in Indonesia through a just energy transition partnership scheme, although it requires the harmonization of domestic regulations to meet European Union standards. The main challenges include technological gaps, the need for green investment, and multisectoral coordination between economic and ecological interests.