Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Malaria di Desa Rampah Kecamatan Kutambaru Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium carried by infected Anopheles spp. mosquitoes. The disease can affect all people at all ages. Rampah Village has the highest incidence of malaria in Langkat Regency. Environmental and behavior are risk factors for malaria. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that associated the incidence of malaria in Rampah Village, Kutambaru Sub-District, Langkat District. This type of research is an analytic survey with a Case-Control design with a total sample of cases and controls of 20 respondents each. Data collection was done directly through interviews, measurements and observations. Data analysis using the Chi-square test. The results showed that environmental factors: standing water (p-value = <0,001; OR = 11,0), cattle pens (p-value = 0,004; OR = 7,0), bushes p-value = 0.000; OR = 12,0) and the density of the walls of the house (p-value = 0.001; OR = 23,2); behavioral factors: wearing long clothes when leaving the house (p-value = 0.011; OR = 5,57), hanging clothes (p-value = 0.027; OR = 4,33), mosquito nets (p-value = 0.001; OR = 10,52), repellents (p-value = 0.022; OR = 4,89), wire mesh (p-value = 0.018; OR = 5,67) and eliminate stagnant water (p-value = 0.001; OR = 13,5) and population knowledge (p-value = 0.003; OR = 15,54) have an influence on the incidence of malaria in Rampah Village, Kutambaru District, Langkat Regency. Temperature (p-value = 0,288; OR = 0,464) and humidity (p-value = 0,723; OR = 0,778) haven’t an associated on the incidence of malaria. Rampah Village residents are expected to prevent malaria from both environmental such as eliminating the presence of stagnant water and behavioral factors such as wearing mosquito nets when sleeping at night.