Perencanaan Pengelolaan Sampah di Lingkungan Universitas Sumatera Utara dengan Sistem 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recyle)

Abstract

Existing waste management carried out by USU still applies the collect - transport - throw pattern. This pattern is not in accordance with the National Policy and Strategy for the Development of a Solid Waste Management System. Therefore it is necessary to plan a 3R system. System planning is carried out for the next 5 years (2019-2023). This study aims to determine the generation and composition of waste on the USU campus. Measurement of waste generation and composition is based on the modification of SNI 19- 3694-1994. From the measurement results, the mass generation of USU waste was 569,59 kg / day consisting of 27.74% organic and 72.26% non-organic or with a volume of 5617,35 L / day consisting of 27.15% organic and non-organic 72.85%. Based on the waste generation and composition data that has been obtained, a waste management plan will be made in the form of planning for operational engineering aspects and analysis of the potential economic sale value. Waste that has the potential to have a selling value in the campus environment is 80.90%. Then to achieve the maximum selling value of waste, an operational engineering aspect plan is made which includes sorting and compartment of waste at the source, gerbace colection, waste sorting and processing, gerbace collection and waste final processing with a target of 100% waste handling, gerbace colection and transfortaton services . The USU campus does not yet have an integrated waste processing facility (TPST), so waste management is carried out by utilizing economically valuable waste. The waste collection and caring system is carried out by using a sorting method, each of which is done by differentiating 4 colors of garbage containers and scheduling garbage pick-ups according to the type of waste grouping. The waste grouping is divided into 4, namely compostable organic waste such as leaves and food scraps that will be sold to the compost house, un-organic waste of value for sale such as paper waste, plastic bottles and plastic cups, cans, various metals and other waste others, such as wood, large branches, and plastic that cannot be sold, which are residual waste. The results of the calculation of the potential for sales to stalls / city waste that have an economic value of Rp. 1.137.571/ day or IDR 25.026.562/ month or IDR 300.318.744/ year can be used by the campus as alternative financing for better and more orderly waste management. 19.10% of the unprocessed waste is dumped into the TPA in the area of Falls, Medan Marelan District. Waste processing at the TPA should be carried out in a controlled manner, namely by means of the sanitary landfill method so that it has great benefits for the environment and future life. Non-technical programs that must be carried out include the formation of an organizational structure that specifically handles solid waste and the implementation of regulations regarding the obligations of campus residents to handle 3R waste.