Hubungan Pola Makan dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Usia 26-65 Tahun di Puskesmas Padang Bulan Tahun 2024

Abstract

Hypertension is a non-communicable degenerative disease that poses a significant and serious health problem for the community, often referred to as a silent killer. Hypertension is characterized by blood pressure measurements showing a systolic pressure greater than 120 mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia in 2022 was 31.6%, and in North Sumatra Province, it was 29.19%. In 2022, the prevalence of hypertension in Medan City increased drastically, reaching 65,904 cases. One of the factors influencing the incidence of hypertension is diet and physical activity. This study aims to determine the relationship of dietary patterns and physical activity with hypertension incidence of 26-65 years old at Padang Bulan Health Center in 2024. This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted at Padang Bulan Health Center from March to June 2024. The population consists of all patients seeking treatment at Padang Bulan Health Center, with a sample size of 104 patients. Data collection was done using primary data obtained from respondents through questionnaires. Data analysis included univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed that the patient characteristic related to hypertension was education, with a p-value of 0.021. The relationship between diet and the incidence of hypertension showed that salt consumption (p-value=0.039) and fat consumption (p-value=0.019) were significant factors. There was also a significant relationship between physical activity and the incidence of hypertension, with a p-value of 0.001. Recommendations for the Medan City Health Department include developing guidelines for balanced nutrition and recommending these guidelines to all health centers in Medan City. Padang Bulan Health Center is advised to promote health education among all community groups.