Hubungan Karakteristik dan Lingkungan Fisik dengan Kejadian Malaria pada Usia 15-64 Tahun di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Beringin Tahun 2023

Abstract

Malaria is one of the main causes of disease and death in corners of the world. Risk of occurrence Malaria is influenced by many factors, especially the type of Anopheles mosquito species, human attitudes, as well as environmental factors where they live. From the Serdang Bedagai Health Service, there were 409 cases in Tanjung Beringin District. This study aims to determine the relationship between characteristics and the physical environment with the incidence of malaria among those aged 15-64 years in the Tanjung Beringin Community Health Center working area in 2023. This type of research is observational analytical quantitative research with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique used a non-random sampling technique which was carried out by purposive sampling with a sample size of 96 respondents. Based on the results obtained, the proportion of malaria incidence in the Tanjung Beringin Community Health Center working area is 50%. Based on the results of the chi-square test, it shows that there is a significant relationship between age (p=0.014), gender (p=0.007), occupation (p=0.014), history of malaria (p=<0.001), ventilation (p=0.004 ), house ceilings (p=0.009), house walls (p=<0.001), ditches/gullies (p=0.020), and swamps (p=<0.001) with the incidence of malaria at ages 15-64 years. Meanwhile, variables that did not have a relationship were education (p=0.513), bushes (p=0.683) and livestock pens (p=0.066) with the incidence of malaria. Based on the results of the chi-square test with the Fisher's Exact alternative, it shows that there is no relationship between length of stay (p=1,000) and the incidence of malaria. The Tanjung Beringin Community Health Center and existing medical staff are expected to carry out malaria vector surveillance activities, namely by regularly monitoring potential Anopheles mosquito breeding sites, as a basis for planning to control risk factors for malaria transmission in Tanjung Beringin District.