Pengaruh Variasi Kuat Arus 110A, 120A dan 130A pada Pengelasan SMAW terhadap Sifat Mekanis Material AISI SS 304

Abstract

This research aims to examine the effect of variations in current strength in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) welding on the mechanical properties of Stainless Steel SS 304 stainless steel. Three variations in current strength, namely 110A, 120A, and 130A, are used in the welding process to understand how the current changes. Electricity affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of materials. Penetrant tests, hardness tests, and microstructural analysis were carried out for each welded specimen. The research results show that variations in current strength have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of Stainless Steel SS 304. At a current of 110A, lower hardness is obtained but with better elongation, indicating more ductile properties. In contrast, at a current of 130A, hardness increases but elongation decreases, indicating the material becomes harder and brittle. The 120A current shows a balance between hardness and elongation. The observed microstructure shows changes in grain size and phase distribution due to variations in welding current. This study provides important insights for manufacturing industries using Stainless Steel SS 304 in applications that require optimization of mechanical properties through control of welding parameters.