Montessori Early Childhood Education Design with a Biophilic Architectural Approach in Medan City

Abstract

The Maria Montessori educational method is an effective method in teaching early childhood because it focuses on learning that is centered on child development. The Montessori method focuses on activities that can encourage children's independence from an early age, develop discipline, and build self-confidence in a safe and loving environment. This research aims to explore aspects of designing educational facilities for early childhood that apply the Montessori method with a biophilic architectural approach. This research uses an exploratory qualitative research method by collecting architectural ethnographic data. Data collection used participant interviews, namely a teacher at the study location, observation, mapping and documentation. The results of this research show that when designing early childhood education facilities using the Montessori method, large classrooms must be considered so that they can accommodate children's activities and Montessori play materials, thereby enabling interactive learning for children. The shape, color or material must support the existing facilities in the Montessori method room. Biophilic architecture can support the learning -experience in Montessori preschool schools through the integration of design that stimulates a positive relationship with nature, strengthens children's connection to the environment, and encourages exploration and understanding of biodiversity. It is hoped that this research can contribute to designing buildings with the same function in the future.