Penerapan Qanun Syariat Islam di Kota Lhokseumawe (1999-2010)

Abstract

The city of Lhokseumawe experienced its peak prosperity during the establishment of PT. Arun and the subsequent development of other industries. During that period, Lhokseumawe was known as the "Petro Dollar City" due to its rapid growth, surpassing other cities in Aceh. The people of Lhokseumawe, despite being deeply rooted in the traditions of Islamic Sharia, could not remain unaffected by the influences of globalization. The prolonged conflict between the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) significantly transformed the city. Various political and military policies were employed to resolve the conflict, one of which was granting special autonomy status to Aceh, which included the implementation of Islamic Sharia law. This study explores the application of Islamic Sharia Qanuns in Lhokseumawe, specifically focusing on the implementation of Qanuns related to alcohol (khamar), gambling (maisir), illicit relations (khalwat), as well as those governing Islamic practices in areas such as aqidah (creed), ibadah (worship), Islamic propagation, and Sharia judiciary. The paper examines the societal dynamics of Lhokseumawe before and after the introduction of these Qanuns, highlighting how the community and the economic environment have adapted to Islamic Sharia law. Additionally, it addresses how the enforcement of Islamic Sharia has gained legitimacy due to the deep-rooted Islamic culture within the Acehnese society. The research employs a historical methodology, including heuristic approaches for data collection through archives, literature, field research, and interviews. The collected data is then verified, interpreted, and compiled into a historiographical framework using a spatial descriptive approach.