Analisis Tingkat Kerusakan dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Rehabilitasi Hutan Mangrove Studi Kasus di Lembaga Pengelolan Hutan Desa (LPHD) Pasar Rawa Kecamatan Gebang Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Mangroves, as plant communities influenced by tidal seawater, play a crucial role in coastal areas. However, mangrove ecosystems are currently under threat due to land conversion for other uses, including in Pasar Rawa Village, Gebang District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The degradation of mangroves is primarily caused by human activities, such as cutting mangrove vegetation for shrimp farming or palm oil plantations. This study aims to assess the level of degradation and mangrove density, as well as analyze the ecosystem management efforts undertaken by the local community in Pasar Rawa Village. The research was conducted from January to July 2023, employing vegetation analysis, questionnaires filled out by the local community, and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) analysis using Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 imagery. The study results revealed that between 2010 and 2022, the mangrove area in Pasar Rawa Village experienced a reduction in size. However, rehabilitation efforts initiated in 2019 successfully expanded the mangrove area to 77.11 hectares, dominated by high NDVJ values in 2022. Despite this, the condition of the mangroves in Pasar Rawa Village is still categorized as degraded and in the process of recovery. Effective and appropriate mangrove ecosystem management can serve as a support system for achieving sustainable and long-term conservation of the mangrove ecosystem.