Perubahan Posisi Tulang Hyoid dan Postur Lidah Pascaperawatan Ortodonti Bimaksiler Klas I Skeletal di RSGM USU

Abstract

Introduction: Bimaxillary protrusion treatment often involves premolars extraction. Tooth extraction can reduce the length of the arch and oral cavity, as the post extraction space is used for incisor retraction. The incisors retrusive position will change the dental arch and skeletal dimensions causing changes in tongue posture become more posterior, and narrowing of the oropharynx. Objectives: To determine the changes in hyoid bone position and tongue posture after bimaxillary class I skeletal orthodontic treatment at RSGM USU. Materials and Methods: This study used before and after cephalometric radiograph samples from 20 orthodontic patients aged 17-40 years. The study used a retrospective cohort design. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test stated that the variables H-PTR, H-Sper, H-C3CHor, Haxis-PTR were not normally distributed so the Wilcoxon test was used, while other data used the t-paired test. Results: The largest change in hyoid position in the linear direction is H-PTR, which is backward by 1.840 ± 4.277 (mm). The smallest was the G-C3CHor distance, which increased by about -0.498 ± 4.552 (mm). The position in the angular direction is largest at the Haxis-PTR angle is 2.282 ± 10.388 (mm), the smallest is the Haxis-C3CHor angle is -0.142 ± 5.946 (mm). The tongue length shortens by 3.239 ± 7.649 (mm). Tongue height decreased by 0.177 ± 3.757 (mm). UI-APog, UI-PP, LI-APog, LI-FH had significant changes (p<0.05). Conclusion: There were no significant changes in hyoid position, tongue posture, and anterior retroclination in linear and angular directions. There were significant differences in anterior retroclination in the linear and angular directions before and after treatment.