Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) Sebagai Renoprotektor pada Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Yang Dipaparkan Obat Antinyamuk Elektrik (Allethrin)

Abstract

The ethanol extract of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) fruit contains of flavonoid compounds that has function as antioxidants by neutralizing of the free radicals. Electric mosquito repellents contain free radicals such as allethrin. A study on the potential of ethanol extract of the bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia L.) as a renoprotectival agent in mice (Mus musculus L.) exposed by electric mosquito repellents was conducted from July to December 2024 at the Animal Physiology Laboratory and Experimental Animal House, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU). The aim of the study was to analyze the morphological and histological improvement of mouse kidneys exposed to Allethrin. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments included: control without treatment: exposed to the electric mosquito repellent + vitamin C; exposed only to the electric mosquito repellent; and the last was exposure to the electric mosquito repellent + the ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit at doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight. Observations were made on kidney morphology including the shape, the color, the texture, the weight, and the organ index, as well as their histology, including the narrowing of the proximal tubules, the glomerular diameter, and the kidney cell necrosis. The results show that administration of ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit could improve color, texture, weight, and organ index, as well as reduce narrowing of proximal tubules, necrosis count, and glomerular diameter. The ethanol extract of the bitter melon fruit at a dose of 75 mg/kg body weight has potential as a renoprotectival agent.