Analisis Hukum dan Kriminologi Mengenai Peredaran Narkotika yang Dilakukan oleh Anak (Studi di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA) Kota Medan)

Abstract

Drug trafficking involving children has become a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in Medan City. This phenomenon is not only against the law, but also has significant social and health impacts on the younger generation. A study at the Medan City Child Special Development Institution (LPKA) is important to understand the factors that encourage children to be involved in drug trafficking, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing legal system and rehabilitation programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the criminological factors that cause children to be involved in drug trafficking in Medan City, the application of the law to children involved in drug trafficking in Medan City, especially in the context of the juvenile criminal justice system, as well as obstacles and efforts to overcome recidivism of child drug traffickers in the Medan City LPKA. This study uses a descriptive empirical legal research method, with a statutory and conceptual approach. Data sources consist of primary data obtained through interviews, as well as secondary data. Data collection techniques include literature studies and field studies with interviews, using tools in the form of document studies and interview guidelines. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively. The results of the study found that the involvement of children in drug trafficking in Medan City is influenced by various complex criminological factors, including socio-economic conditions, environmental influences, and family dynamics. In responding to this challenge, LPKA Medan City has implemented a multidimensional approach that includes educational programs, skills training, character building, and psychological assistance. Despite facing various obstacles such as limited resources, community stigma, and the complexity of children's psychology, LPKA Medan City has developed innovative solutions through strategic partnerships with various stakeholders, the development of trauma-based programs, and the implementation of community-based support systems. These efforts are integrated into a comprehensive framework that involves collaboration between families, communities, and related institutions, with the main goal of preventing recidivism and facilitating effective social reintegration for children involved in drug trafficking.