Perancangan Meja Kursi Belajar Ergonomis pada Mahasiswa Teknik Industri USU yang Bertempat Tinggal di Hunian Minimalis

Abstract

Industrial Engineering students at the University of North Sumatra face challenges related to the use of desks and chairs to support learning activities due to the limited space of minimalist dwellings. Observations in 10 student residences revealed that the standard movement space had not been achieved, falling below 30% of the living space. A preliminary questionnaire distributed to 10 students showed dissatisfaction with the existing design, particularly in terms of desk dimensions, chair backrests and seat cushions, armrest support, legroom, desk features, and construction stability. Most scores were either 1 (Dissatisfied) or 2 (Less Satisfied). Therefore, improvements to the ergonomic design of study desks and chairs are needed, focusing on the voice of the customer (students) and anthropometry. The respondents in this study consisted of 87 people. The research was conducted using the Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) method. The resulting desk design features a length of 160 cm, width of 52.8 cm, height of 66.3 cm, a bookshelf with four compartments, and a standing laptop platform. The chair design includes dimensions of 71 cm in height and 47.8 cm in width, a seat length of 47.8 cm, seat height of 43.4 cm, and armrests with a height of 18.3 cm. This study desk and chair design can save 0.845 m² or 9.39% of the total room space (9 m²). In addition to considering ergonomic aspects, the final design also aligns with the minimalist living concept, offering a compact and stable form that is suitable for limited spaces without sacrificing aesthetics.