Karakterisasi Adsorben Berbasis Karbon Aktif Ampas Tebu dan Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) sebagai Pereduksi Logam Berat Fe dan Cu dalam Air Sumur

Abstract

A study has been conducted on the manufacture and characterization of adsorbents made from activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with the addition of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) biopolymer with a composition (1:20) as an adsorbent of heavy metals iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in well water using the Trial and Error method and Laboratory Experimental. Adsorption of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) metals was carried out through a filter with variations in the mass of the adsorbent. For the activated carbon produced, the characterization of water content, ash content, volatile matter content and bound carbon content for both samples has met the quality requirements of activated carbon according to SNI 06-3730-1995. FTIR characterization shows the functional groups O-H, C-H, C-O, and C = C. XRD characterization shows a cubic crystal structure in KAAT-PVA 500℃ with a degree of crystallinity of 23.65% and a hexagonal crystal structure in KAAT-PVA 700℃ with a degree of crystallinity of 22.22%. SEM characterization shows particles in the form of charcoal flakes and clearly visible pores, and from EDS results it was found that the main component of the adsorbent is carbon. The results of this study indicate the optimum percentage of Fe absorption of 98.10% on the KAAT-PVA 500℃ adsorbent with a mass of 1 gram and Cu of 100% on the KAAT-PVA 500℃ adsorbent (1 and 2 grams) and KAAT-PVA 700℃ (1, 2, and 3 grams), and the adsorbent with activated carbon at a temperature of 500℃ with a mass of 1 gram has the highest Fe metal adsorption capacity of 1.5156 mg/L and the adsorbent with activated carbon at a temperature of 500℃ (1 and 2 grams) and 700℃ (1, 2, and 3 grams) has a Cu metal adsorption capacity of 0.0336 mg/gr and through BET testing, a surface area of 20.083 m2/g and a pore size of 18.271 Å and a pore volume of 1.5156 mg/L were obtained. 0.034 cc/g for KAAT-PVA 500℃ sample and surface area of 14.854 m2/g and pore size of 15.779 Å and pore volume of 0.022 cc/g for KAAT-PVA 700℃ sample.