Sistem Manajemen Energi Beban Otomatis dengan Sumber Listrik Pembangkit Hybrid PLTS-PLTB Berbasis Sensor PZEM 004T-AC Terintegrasi IoT

Abstract

The utilization of renewable energy is a key solution to overcoming the limitations of fossil fuel resources and supporting the transition to a more sustainable energy system. This study aims to develop an automatic load energy management system powered by a hybrid Solar Power Plant (PLTS) and Wind Power Plant (PLTB), integrated with the PZEM 004T-AC sensor and the Internet of Things (IoT). The system is designed to optimize power distribution using an automatic relay, which is controlled based on time scheduling and water tank level measurements obtained from the HCSR04 sensor. The electrical loads managed in this study include a sprinkler pump, composting machine, lighting system, and water pump. The test results demonstrate that the system successfully regulates power usage efficiently according to predefined schedules and conditions. Over a 16-day measurement period from February 27 to March 16, 2025, the hybrid PLTS-PLTB system achieved an average voltage of 2106,161 Volts, an average current of 14,864 Amperes, and an average power output of 2552,793 Watts. This success indicates that the developed system can function optimally by automatically distributing energy according to load requirements. Additionally, the integration of the PZEM 004T-AC sensor enables real-time monitoring of current, voltage, and power, while the use of the Blynk IoT platform facilitates remote system control. Through this approach, the developed system has been proven to enhance energy efficiency, reduce unnecessary power consumption, and extend the lifespan of electrical devices. It is expected that this system can be implemented in various sectors, including agriculture and small-scale industries, as a step toward more efficient and sustainable renewable energy utilization.