Hubungan antara Profil Klinis Difteri dengan Hasil Terkonfirmasi Laboratorium pada Anak yang Dirawat di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2020 – 2023

Abstract

Objectives Diphtheria outbreaks occurred in Indonesia from 2017 to the latest. Mortality is high, therefore clinical judgement is important to start the treatment. However, laboratory examination of throat culture or PCR is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Methods A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between clinical profile of diphtheria from throat culture and PCR. Data were collected from the medical records of paediatric patients, who were diagnosed with diphtheria at Adam Malik Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between clinical profiles such as myocarditis, airway obstruction, neuritis, bullneck, pseudomembranous, throat pain, and bullneck with the confirmed laboratory results.

Results A total of thirty-seven patients were enrolled in term within 4 years period. This study reported there is 15 (40.5%) were positive from throat culture and PCR, 7 (18.9%) were positive from throat swab and one patient (2.7%) were positive from PCR. The study showed no correlation between the clinical profile of myocarditis (p = 0.330), airway obstruction (p = 0.260), bullneck (p = 0.710), pseudo membranes (p = 0.378), and neuritis (p = 1.000) and throat culture or PCR.

Conclusion Clinical judgement is important in diagnosis diphtheria. Our study showed no correlation between clinical profile and laboratory examination result (throat culture or PCR).