Pengaruh Koloni Klanceng (Trigona spp.) sebagai Polinator terhadap Produksi Buah Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum) Lebah

Abstract

The role of Trigona sp. as a plant pollinator as one of the meliponiculture techniques, is to increase plant pollination. The klanceng (Trigona sp.) is a type of stingless bee that has an important role as plant pollinators. This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of Trigona sp. on the production of Capsicum annum fruit. The research was conducted using a Group Random Design with several treatments, the first one that did not involve Trigona sp and second is the presence of Trigona sp. Observation parameters include the environmental physical factors,the number of fruits, the weight of fruits, the number of seeds and the presentation of the seed viability. The results of the study show that treatment with the presence of Trigona sp. significantly increase the success of pollination and fruit production. Treatment in the presence of Trigona sp. produces the highest fruit weight of 10.10 ± 1.21b compare to the wind assistance of 4.87 ± 1.54a as well as the treatment without a gauze cover by 6.71 ± 1.51a. The largest number of fruits are produced from the plant with the help of Trigona sp. as a pollinator (an average of 16 pieces/plant) compare to the wind aid (average of 4 pieces/plant) or treatment without a gauze cover (average of 5 pieces/plant). The largest percentage of seed viability is generated from treatment with the help of Trigona sp. (26.67%) compare to the wind assistance (13.33%) or treatment without a gauze cover (20%). The physical factors of the environment obtained show that the temperature and light intensity are inversely proportional to the humidity so that the activity of bee visits will increase when the humidity is high along with low temperature and light intensity. The results of the study confirm that Trigona sp. plays an important role as plant pollinators to increase the productivity of cultivated crops.