Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Kejadian Tuberkulosis Laten dan Tuberkulosis Paru dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya pada Orang yang Kontak Erat Serumah dengan Pasien Tuberkulosis Resisten Obat di Kota Medan

Abstract

Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (ILTB) is defined as the presence of an immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis without clinical evidence of active tuberculosis (TB). Approximately 5-15% of people with ILTB will develop active TB during their lifetime. The World Health Organization advocates urgency to address the issue of ILTBI to contain and eliminate the tuberculosis epidemic. Accelerating the detection of TB disease among high-risk contacts of MDR-TB patients can maximize the opportunity to identify and treat latent infection to prevent disease, and should be prioritized to achieve the End Tuberculosis Strategy. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of Latent TB and Pulmonary TB in people in close contact with patients with Drug Resistant TB and analyze the factors that influence it. Methods: This study is descriptive analytic using a cross-sectional approach in people who are in close contact with Drug Resistant TB patients in Medan. The number of samples used was at least 96 research subjects who were in close contact with patients with DR-TB. Results: Based on contact investigation on close contact at home with Drug Resistant TB patients, the most age group was 18-30 years old, namely 30 people (31%), the most gender was female 71 people (69%), the most education was high school as many as 63 people (60%), the most occupation as a housewife was 43 people (41%), The normal body mass index was 84 people (81%), did not smoke 81 people (80%), did not consume alcohol 101 people (97%), contact duration ≥5 hours 69 people (67%), length of stay with case index >10 days 97 people (93%), did not sleep in the same room 73 people (70%), and did not have comorbid diseases 91 people (87%). There is an association between occupational factors and the incidence of latent TB compared to the Non-TB Infected group with a value of (p=0.014) and there is an association between alcohol consumption factors with the incidence of Pulmonary TB compared to Non-Pulmonary TB with a value of (p=0.039). Conclusion: There is an association between occupational factors and the incidence of latent TB compared to the Non-TB Infected group with and there is an association between alcohol consumption factors with the incidence of Pulmonary TB compared to Non-Pulmonary TB.