Analisis Laju Biodegradasi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Limbah Batang Kelapa Sawit Di Dalam Media Tanah Dan Air

Abstract

The consumption of plastic bags continues to increase in line with the growing needs of society and the rising plastic production by industry. As a result, the more people use plastic, the more plastic waste pollution affects the environment. The plastic commonly used by the public is derived from petroleum, which is non-renewable and nonbiodegradable. To address the plastic waste problem, innovation can be made by creating plastic made from natural polymers that can be degraded by microorganisms in soil and water, commonly known as biodegradable plastic or bioplastic. This research aims to determine the biodegradation rate of bioplastic made from oil palm stem waste starch in andosol soil, podzolic soil, seawater, and river water media, and to identify the time required to degrade bioplastic in each of those media. In this study, two conditions were tested for each medium: aerobic and anaerobic. The degradation rate of bioplastic in andosol soil under aerobic conditions was 0.044 grams/day, in andosol soil under anaerobic conditions was 0.05 grams/day, in podzolic soil under aerobic conditions was 0.041 grams/day, and in podzolic soil under anaerobic conditions was 0.057 grams/day. The degradation rate of bioplastic in seawater under aerobic conditions was indicated by several parameters such as BOD at 0.41 mg/L per day, TDS at 1,921.89 mg/L per day, and TSS at 99.4 mg/L per day. In seawater under anaerobic conditions, BOD was 0.67 mg/L per day, TDS was 1,757.65 mg/L per day, and TSS was 39 mg/L per day. The degradation rate of bioplastic in river water under aerobic conditions showed BOD at 1.33 mg/L per day, TDS at 897.75 mg/L per day, and TSS at 31.27 mg/L per day. In river water under anaerobic conditions, the BOD was 0.64 mg/L per day, TDS was 1,914.42 mg/L per day, and TSS was 42.6 mg/L per day.