| dc.description.abstract | Background: Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is known to contain a diverse array of
phytochemicals, particularly secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids,
saponins, and tannins. These compounds have attracted significant interest due to
their various health benefits, establishing beetroot as a promising source for
pharmaceutical applications.
Objective: This study aims to characterize the secondary metabolites present in
beetroot based on their functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
spectroscopy. Qualitative pattern recognition was conducted using Principal
Component Analysis (PCA), while Cluster Analysis (CA) was employed to assess
the similarity and differences among the extracts
Methods: Beetroot samples were extracted using maceration with three solvents:
methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane (all pro analysis grade). FTIR analysis was
conducted using a DTGS (deuterated triglycine sulfate) detector across a spectral
range of 4500–400 cm−1. Chemometric analysis was carried out using PCA with
The Unscrambler version 10.4 and CA was performed using Minitab software.
Results: FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) detected functional groups of
secondary metabolites in beetroot. All three extracts were found to potentially
contain flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, and glycosides. PCA
results showed that PC-1 and PC-2 accounted for 74% and 22% of the variance,
respectively, with a total variance of 96%. Cluster analysis revealed that the ethyl
acetate and n-hexane extracts shared a similarity of 99.5975% and were grouped
into Cluster 1. The methanol extract showed a similarity of 92.7347% with Cluster
1 and was classified as Cluster 2.
Conclusion: Beetroot contains functional groups associated with secondary
metabolites, as identified through FTIR analysis. Although structural similarities
were observed across the methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts, variations
in chemical composition indicate differences in the types of chemical compositions
extracted by each solvent. | en_US |
