Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Fisik Kemasan Lapis Alami Kitosan Alginat dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Makroalga Coklat (Turbinaria sp.)

Abstract

Natural layered packaging is packaging made from natural materials that can be consumed and are biodegradable. One of the materials that can be utilized as a component for making natural layered packaging is the extract of the brown macroalga Turbinaria sp. This study aims to determine the best physical characteristics of chitosan-alginate natural layered packaging with the addition of different concentrations of Turbinaria sp. extract. The treatments used were control (without extract addition), 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. This research was conducted from August 2024 to November 2024. The method used was purposive sampling, with the physical characteristics tested including texture (tensile strength), viscosity, FTIR, and SEM Electron. The best texture characteristic results (tensile strength) with a concentration of 0.5% were 0.0073 Mpa, and viscosity with a concentration of 0.5% was 4321.02 Cp. The statistical analysis results using ANOVA showed that tensile strength and viscosity were not significant (P>0.05). The FTIR results indicated the absorption of active compounds, shown by the appearance of characteristic absorptions, namely saponins with the O-H stretch group, alkaloids and steroids with the C-H aliphatic, CH3 group, and flavonoids with the C=O, C=C aromatic group. The results of the morphology test using Electron SEM show that the higher the concentration of the extract used, the denser the natural layered packaging matrix becomes, and the thinner the cracks.