Wanprestasi Dalam Perjanjian Transaksi Jual Beli Secara Online Pada Media Website Studi Putusan Nomor 629/Pdt.G/2020/Pn Jkt.Sel

Abstract

Breach of contract, as explained in Article 1238 and Article 1243 of the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), refers to the failure or negligence of the debtor to fulfill obligations as agreed upon, whether by not performing, delaying, or not complying with the terms of the agreement. This gives the creditor the right to claim compensation, cancellation of the agreement, and enforcement of performance. This signifies a violation of the terms of contract performance, resulting in losses for the buyer. Breach of contract in online transactions gives rise to legal consequences in the form of an obligation to provide compensation to the aggrieved party (the creditor). Such compensation includes the actual and direct material losses suffered as a result of the breach, as well as interest for delays if stipulated in the agreement or in accordance with Article 1243 of the Civil Code. The type of research used is normative legal research with a descriptive nature. The research approach uses a case study with data obtained directly from the research object and the data collected. Data collection techniques and tools use literature studies of laws and regulations, legal doctrine, and related court decisions. Data analysis uses qualitative and deductive analysis, namely understanding the phenomena experienced by the research object by drawing conclusions from general problems to concrete ones. Based on the results of a case study of Decision Number 629/Pdt.G/2020/PN Jkt.Sel, it is shown that "the judge affirmed the validity of electronic contracts and the importance of digital document evidence in online transactions." The judge only granted claims that were clearly and proportionately proven and rejected claims that were not supported by concrete evidence. This decision strengthens legal protection for consumers and emphasizes the importance of digital documentation in online transactions. This study recommends strengthening regulations, optimizing electronic evidence, and improving mechanisms and alternative dispute resolution to support a fair and just e-commerce ecosystem in Indonesia.