Analisis Keragaman Genetik dan Hubungan Kekerabatan Beberapa Kultivar Padi Lokal Asal Kabupaten Simalungun Menggunakan Marka Molekuler RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA)

Abstract

FORTI CERIA KASIH HAREFA, Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Kinship Relationships of Several Local Rice Cultivars from Simalungun Regency Using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA) Molecular Markers (Supervised by HAFNES WAHYUNI). Simalungun Regency is one of the areas in North Sumatra that has a very diverse local rice germplasm. However, many farmers are starting to abandon local rice cultivars due to having many shortcomings. Therefore, local rice cultivars need to be upgraded in their genetic potential through characterization by molecular marker of RAPD. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity and kinship relationships of several local rice cultivars from Simalungun Regency based on the molecular markers of RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA). This research was carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, from January 2025 to May 2025. The genetic material used in this study is 10 local rice cultivars from introduction. samples were isolated and amplified using 6 RAPD primers, namely OPB 7, OPC 19, OPD 2, OPD8, OPD 11, and OPD 13. The length of the PCR product tape size is determined using UVITEC software. Cluster analysis was carried out using the UPGMA method and PCoA analysis using MVSP ver software. 3.2. The amplification results with 6 RAPD primers resulted in an average percentage of polymorphic bands of 95.13 %. Based on the results of the PCoA analysis, there were 2 samples that were spread, namely Sibandung merah (0.5-0.2), and Sipandan merah (0.4-0.1). Phylogenetic results with UPGMA show that the coefficient of similarity of several local rice genetics from Simalungun Regency ranges from 0.6-1. At the coefficient of similarity 0.6, individuals are divided into 2 clusters. Cluster 1, namely Sikariting, Sipermaisuri, Sikawat, Sipayung. Cluster 2 namely, Sipandan merah, Sibandung merah, Sihalus, Siaries, Sipendek, Simedan. Sikawat and Siaries cultivars have the most genetic distance related based on 6 RAPD primers with a similarity value of 0.41.