Komposisi Hasil Tangkapan dan Tingkat Keramahan Lingkungan Alat Tangkap Bubu yang Dioperasikan di Perairan Pantai Labu

Abstract

The composition of crab catches and the level of environmental friendliness of bubu fishing gear operated in Pantai Labu Waters, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The research methods used included direct observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires to 41 respondents consisting of fishermen, crew members. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′), Simpson's dominance index (C), and uniformity index (E), as well as environmental friendliness assessment based on FAO criteria in the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). The results showed that the total catch during June to October 2024 was 4,142 fish, consisting of 12 species. Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) was the dominant species with a total of 2,965 fish (71.58%). Diversity index values ranged from 1.01-1.33 indicating moderate diversity, dominance index between 0.43-0.57 indicating dominance of certain species, and uniformity index between 0.46-0.61 indicating fairly even distribution of species. Assessment of the level of environmental friendliness shows that bubu fishing gear is categorized as very environmentally friendly with a final score of 32%, based on nine CCRF/FAO criteria. The bubu gear used by fishermen in Pantai Labu is proven to be effective in catching crab as the main commodity with minimal impact on the environment. The use of this tool can be recommended as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative fishing gear in fisheries management in coastal areas