Persilangan Full Diallel Tetua Padi Kultivar Lokal Sidawat dan Sidingkit dengan Varietas Unggul Inpari 32

Abstract

Rice is a vital food crop for many people, especially in Indonesia. More than half the world's population relies on this crop as a food source. As the population increases, so does the need for food. One of the efforts to increase rice production through intensification is by assembling new superior varieties through plant breeding methods such as hybridization. The research aims to determine the ability of cross-parents to form F1 seeds from several cross combinations, provide initial populations as planting and selection materials to improve plant properties and can be used in combining ability analysis. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture's Screen House, University of North Sumatra at an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level from February 2025 to July 2025. This research was conducted using the Full Diallel cross-breeding method with local cultivar parents (Sidawat and Sidingkit) with the Inpari 32 variety using hand-pollination cross-breeding techniques. This research was conducted using the Full Diallel cross-breeding method with local cultivar parents (Sidawat and Sidingkit) with the Inpari 32 variety using hand-pollination cross-breeding techniques. The cross involving three parents resulted in six cross combinations. The ability of the cross between the parents to form F1 seeds was seen in the percentage of F1 seeds formed in the cross combination of the three parents in a full diallel. The results of the crosses showed that the number of F1 seeds formed per panicle in several cross combinations showed that the ability of the parent crosses to form F1 seeds ranged between 2.00-5.00 spikelets, with the highest total percentage of F1 seeds formed per panicle being 10.00% which was found in the cross combination of Inpari 32 and Sidawat rice parents, while the lowest percentage of F1 seeds formed per panicle was 2.00% which was found in the cross combination of Sidingkit and Sidawat, Sidingkit and Inpari 32 and Inpari 32 and Sidingkit.