Sintesis Poliol melalui Reaksi Epoksidasi dan Hidroksilasi Minyak Goreng Bekas pada Variasi Waktu Reaksi dan Kecератаn Pengadukan Menggunakan Homoginezer

Abstract

Synthesis of polyol compounds from used cooking oil has been carried out through two reaction stages, namely epoxidation and hydroxylation. These polyol compounds have the potential as intermediates or precursors for the manufacture of polyurethane compounds. The epoxidation stage is carried out by reacting used cooking oil with peroxide acid formed from a mixture of glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide with sulfuric acid catalyst. Furthermore, the hydroxylation stage by opening the epoxide ring using ethanol with the help of 2% KOH catalyst, which produces polyol compounds with high amounts of hydroxyl groups (-OH). Both stages take place in situ or without separation of the epoxide compound. The parameters used in the study were time variations of 20, 40, and 60 minutes, and stirring speeds of 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 rpm. Determination of changes in carbon double bonds to single bonds was determined by iodometric titration and changes in functional groups from triglycerides to polyols were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The maximum condition for obtaining polyols was at 40 minutes and 4000 rpm stirring of 48.506. Changes in functional groups are indicated by a wide absorption band peak at 3399.90 cm which indicates the presence of an -OH group that was previously absent in triglycerides. Likewise, at wave number 3004.2 it no longer appears in polyols indicating that double bonds and C-H sp2 have decreased. This is also supported by differences in the shape of the peaks in C-O from esters and polyols.