Studi Pembuatan Zat Aditif Bahan Bakar Gasolin dari Hidrogenolisis Gliserol dengan Katalis Nikel Klorida

Abstract

The use of glycerol, a by-product of the biodiesel industry, as a raw material for making fuel additives is one of the solutions in the development of renewable energy. This study aims to synthesize the compounds of acetyl and 1,2-propanadiol through the process of hydrogenolysis of glycerol using an anhydrous NiCl₂ catalyst, and combine the two compounds into additives in the form of dioxolane compounds. The process begins with the manufacture of anhydrous NiCl₂ from NiCl₂·6H₂O which is reacted with NH₄OH and dried using vacuum. The glycerol was then reacted with an anhydrous NiCl₂ and CaO catalyst in an autoclave reactor at 215°C and an H₂ pressure of 200 psi for 6 hours. The results of the reaction were extracted and analyzed using GC-MS to identify acetate and 1,2-propanadiol. The two compounds are mixed with the help of an acid catalyst (H₂SO₄) to produce dioxolane compounds as fuel additives. RON testing showed that the addition of 0%, 5% and 10% additives significantly increased the octane number from 90.4 to 93.5 and 94.7. These results show that the additives of glycerol have the potential to improve fuel quality and support the concept of environmentally friendly energy.